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launch the “Wave on a String” simulation from the homepage of the course. Before interacting with the simulation, you will be asked several questions to stimulate your thinking about the concepts associated with waves and quantum theory of the atom. Open internet browser and search for Phet wave of string. Or http://gmc.mrooms3.net/mod/page/view.php?id=4386112&forceview=1
- In 5-10 sentences, discuss the fundamentals of waves by using key terms from this week’s chapter reading. Consider drafting your response in an external word processing program first to gather your thoughts.
- In 5-10 sentences, explain the propagation of a wave across the surface of a pond.
- Begin by selecting the ‘Oscillate’ button and checking the ‘No End’ box. Reduce the ‘Damping’ to ‘None.’ Observe the behavior of the wave. Write at least 2-3 sentences about your observations
4 Predict what would happen if you adjust the ‘Amplitude’ slider in either direction. Move the slider to the right and then to the left noting your observations in at least 2-3 sentences.
5.Were your predictions correct? If so, explain what lead you to your conclusions. If not, explain how your prediction deviated from what you observed. Answer these questions in at least 2-3 sentences.
6. Play with the simulation as you did in the previous steps to investigate how the wave behaves when the amplitude is changed. Also do this for ‘Damping’ and ‘Frequency.’ Discuss your observations in at least 7-8 sentences.
7. Set ‘Amplitude’ to the maximum, ‘Frequency’ to 0.10 Hz, and ‘Damping,’ and ‘Tension’ to their minimum. Also, have on ‘Oscillate,’ ‘Timer’ and ‘No End.’ Observe the wave and make any notable observations in 2-3 sentences.
8. In 10-15 sentences, discuss what you have learned from this simulation.
Launch the “Wave Interference” simulation from the homepage of the course. Before interacting with the simulation, you will be asked several questions to stimulate your thinking about the concepts associated with waves and quantum theory of the atom. Open internet browser and search for Phet wave interference. Or http://gmc.mrooms3.net/mod/page/view.php?id=4386112&forceview=1
9In 5-10 sentences, discuss the interferences patters you would expect to see from an electron source directed through very closely spaced slits.
10. Navigate to p. 301 in the course textbook and read the section titled ‘The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom.’ Summarize this section in 3-5 sentences below.
11. Start by selecting the ‘Waves’ simulation. You will first investigate wave patters that form as a result of water dripping onto the surface of a pond. Click the button on the pipe to trigger the dripping water. The patterns you should see are from a view positioned such that you are looking down at the surface of the water. Select the ‘Side View’ option and observe the behavior of the water. Click the ‘Slow’ radio button to inspect the water at a slower speed. Share your observations of the two perspectives in 3-5 sentences below.
12. Now, adjust the rate of the drip and the size of the water droplet by adjusting the ‘Frequency’ and ‘Amplitude’ respectively. Think back to the simulation of the wave on a string. Discuss some similarities and differences between the waves of each simulation.
13. Now, select the ‘Interference’ simulation tab at the bottom of the window. You will investigate the phenomenon of wave interference. Waves interact constructively (light bands) or deconstructively (dark bands). Turn on one faucet so that you have a single wave pattern as in the last simulation. Then, enable the second faucet and observe the changes in the wave patterns for about 10-15 seconds. Discuss your observations below.
14. Consider what would happen if you adjusted the drip rate (frequency). Move the ‘Frequency’ slider to a very low (not zero) position and observe the changes as the wave patter stabilizes. Do the same by setting the ‘Frequency’ Slider to the maximum value. Record your observations in 5-10 sentences below.
15. Investigate the properties of adjusting the intensity (amplitude) of the waves as you did with the frequency. Also, determine the effect of increasing the distance between the two pipes by adjusting the ‘Separation’ slider. Then, record your observations in 5-10 sentences below.
16. Taking what you now know about the properties of waves, you will investigate the wavelike nature of light by demonstration of the famous double-slit experiment. Click the ‘Slits’ simulation tab at the bottom of the simulation. Change the wave generator source to the ‘light generator’ by selecting the button matching the image below,
17. Activate the ‘Light Generator’ to allow the waves to propagate through the single slit and observe how the light passes through the slit. Then, enable the ‘Screen’ so you can view the patter produced by the light. Describe your observation in 5-10 sentences.
18. Now, add an additional slit (it is indeed the ‘double-slit’ experiment) to your setup by selecting ‘Two Slits’ from the lower-right dropdown menu box. Ensure that the screen is on so you can see the resulting pattern. How many bands do you see at these initial settings? Discuss any other observations you made at these settings.
19. Increase the distance between the slits to ~2200 nm. Were there any changes in the number of bands observed? How can you increase the number of bands further?
20. In 3-5 sentences, discuss the effect of changing the frequency of the light passing through the double slits. How can you control the number of bands on the screen? Are the bands brighter or dimmer?
21. In 10-15 sentences, summarize what you have learned by interacting with these lab simulations.
This week has been all about investigating the nature of the atom from the perspective of quantum mechanics. To enhance your understanding of wave-particle duality nature of particles, you will interact with several simulations associated with waves.
PhET Simulations can be found on the Moodle front page:
Wave on a String
Wave Interference
There are several objectives of this lab:
To enhance your understanding of the nature of wave.
Investigate the single and double slit experiments.
Understand how particles can have both wavelike and particle-like properties.
launch the “Wave on a String” simulation from the homepage of the course. Before interacting with the simulation, you will be asked several questions to stimulate your thinking about the concepts associated with waves and quantum theory of the atom. Open internet browser and search for Phet wave of string. Or http://gmc.mrooms3.net/mod/page/view.php?id=4386112&forceview=1
- In 5-10 sentences, discuss the fundamentals of waves by using key terms from this week’s chapter reading. Consider drafting your response in an external word processing program first to gather your thoughts.
- In 5-10 sentences, explain the propagation of a wave across the surface of a pond.
- Begin by selecting the ‘Oscillate’ button and checking the ‘No End’ box. Reduce the ‘Damping’ to ‘None.’ Observe the behavior of the wave. Write at least 2-3 sentences about your observations
4 Predict what would happen if you adjust the ‘Amplitude’ slider in either direction. Move the slider to the right and then to the left noting your observations in at least 2-3 sentences.
5.Were your predictions correct? If so, explain what lead you to your conclusions. If not, explain how your prediction deviated from what you observed. Answer these questions in at least 2-3 sentences.
6. Play with the simulation as you did in the previous steps to investigate how the wave behaves when the amplitude is changed. Also do this for ‘Damping’ and ‘Frequency.’ Discuss your observations in at least 7-8 sentences.
7. Set ‘Amplitude’ to the maximum, ‘Frequency’ to 0.10 Hz, and ‘Damping,’ and ‘Tension’ to their minimum. Also, have on ‘Oscillate,’ ‘Timer’ and ‘No End.’ Observe the wave and make any notable observations in 2-3 sentences.
8. In 10-15 sentences, discuss what you have learned from this simulation.
Launch the “Wave Interference” simulation from the homepage of the course. Before interacting with the simulation, you will be asked several questions to stimulate your thinking about the concepts associated with waves and quantum theory of the atom. Open internet browser and search for Phetwave interference. Or http://gmc.mrooms3.net/mod/page/view.php?id=4386112&forceview=1
9 In 5-10 sentences, discuss the interferences patters you would expect to see from an electron source directed through very closely spaced slits.
10. Navigate to p. 301 in the course textbook and read the section titled ‘The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom.’ Summarize this section in 3-5 sentences below.
11. Start by selecting the ‘Waves’ simulation. You will first investigate wave patters that form as a result of water dripping onto the surface of a pond. Click the button on the pipe to trigger the dripping water. The patterns you should see are from a view positioned such that you are looking down at the surface of the water. Select the ‘Side View’ option and observe the behavior of the water. Click the ‘Slow’ radio button to inspect the water at a slower speed. Share your observations of the two perspectives in 3-5 sentences below.
12. Now, adjust the rate of the drip and the size of the water droplet by adjusting the ‘Frequency’ and ‘Amplitude’ respectively. Think back to the simulation of the wave on a string. Discuss some similarities and differences between the waves of each simulation.
13. Now, select the ‘Interference’ simulation tab at the bottom of the window. You will investigate the phenomenon of wave interference. Waves interact constructively (light bands) or deconstructively (dark bands). Turn on one faucet so that you have a single wave pattern as in the last simulation. Then, enable the second faucet and observe the changes in the wave patterns for about 10-15 seconds. Discuss your observations below.
14. Consider what would happen if you adjusted the drip rate (frequency). Move the ‘Frequency’ slider to a very low (not zero) position and observe the changes as the wave patter stabilizes. Do the same by setting the ‘Frequency’ Slider to the maximum value. Record your observations in 5-10 sentences below.
15. Investigate the properties of adjusting the intensity (amplitude) of the waves as you did with the frequency. Also, determine the effect of increasing the distance between the two pipes by adjusting the ‘Separation’ slider. Then, record your observations in 5-10 sentences below.
16. Taking what you now know about the properties of waves, you will investigate the wavelike nature of light by demonstration of the famous double-slit experiment. Click the ‘Slits’ simulation tab at the bottom of the simulation. Change the wave generator source to the ‘light generator’ by selecting the button matching the image below,
17. Activate the ‘Light Generator’ to allow the waves to propagate through the single slit and observe how the light passes through the slit. Then, enable the ‘Screen’ so you can view the patter produced by the light. Describe your observation in 5-10 sentences.
18. Now, add an additional slit (it is indeed the ‘double-slit’ experiment) to your setup by selecting ‘Two Slits’ from the lower-right dropdown menu box. Ensure that the screen is on so you can see the resulting pattern. How many bands do you see at these initial settings? Discuss any other observations you made at these settings.
19. Increase the distance between the slits to ~2200 nm. Were there any changes in the number of bands observed? How can you increase the number of bands further?
20. In 3-5 sentences, discuss the effect of changing the frequency of the light passing through the double slits. How can you control the number of bands on the screen? Are the bands brighter or dimmer?
21. In 10-15 sentences, summarize what you have learned by interacting with these lab simulations.
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